棕色田鼠危害现状及防控技术研究进展

Damaging Status and Research Progress of Prevention and Control Technology of Lasiopodomys Mandarinus

棕色田鼠在山西分布较广，从南到北均有分布，主要危害苹果、小麦、芦笋、中药材等作物。棕色田鼠多栖息于灌丛、草坡及河流沿岸较深厚或沙质较重的环境中。棕色田鼠洞道复杂，一个完整洞系占地75~150m2，洞系内有鼠4-6只，多时可达16只；可啃食约16科近40种作物和大部分田间杂草；棕色田鼠一年可生育多次，3月和8月是全年的繁殖高峰期；成年棕色田鼠有很强的攻击性，哺乳期雌鼠或当两个成年雄鼠开始争夺优势地位时攻击性最强。4月份密度和10月份密度显著相关，可以用来预测预报。改善耕作制度、优化果园管理对棕色田鼠有很好的控制作用。

Lasiopodomys mandarinus has a wide distribution in Shanxi, distributed from south to north, major hazarded ap- ple, wheat, asparagus and traditional Chinese medicine. Many lived in thickets, slopes, along rivers or sandy heavier envi- ronment. The trunk was complex, a complete cave system covered an area of 75 - 150 m2, the cave system has 4 - 6 rats, could be up to 16 rats. Lasiopodomys mandarinus could eating about 16 families and most nearly 40 kinds of crops and weeds in the field. Lasiopodomys mandarinus could birth several times a year, march and August is the breeding season all the year round. Adult lasiopodomys mandarinus has a strong offensive, when in lactation or two adult male began to com- pete for dominance, had the most aggressive. The density in April and October were significantly correlated, could be used to forecast. To improve the farming system and optimize the orchard management have a very good control effect on la- siopodomys mandarinus.