上海市闵行区餐饮从业人员食品安全行为与健康素养的关系分析

Analysis on the relationship between the food safety behavior and health literacy level of food handlers in Minhang District of Shanghai,China

目的了解上海市闵行区餐饮从业人员的食品安全行为与健康素养现状,研究健康素养水平对食品安全行为的影响作用,为普及餐饮人员的食品安全从业行为、预防食物中毒提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取上海市闵行区餐饮业477名在岗从业人员进行了"餐饮从业人员健康素养和日常食品安全行为问卷"调查,通过百分数和综合得分描述从业人员的健康素养水平和日常食品安全行为状况,采用Logistic回归分析方法控制混杂因素后分析健康素养水平对食品安全行为的影响。结果闵行区餐饮从业人员健康素养平均得分为22.43分,健康素养具备比例为22.9%,正确实施区分生熟工具、入厕后洗手等8种日常食品安全从业行为的比例分别为92.2%、97.3%、87.6%、90.1%、95.4%、80.9%、95.4%和87.3%。从业人员的健康素养对8种日常食品安全行为均有影响,且随着健康素养水平的提高,日常规范操作食品安全从业行为呈明显上升趋势。结论由于健康素养对餐饮人员食品安全从业行为的正向影响作用,在普及食品安全从业行为、预防食物中毒的策略中应充分考虑健康教育措施和应用健康促进行为改变理论,提高其健康素养水平。

Objective To study the food safety behavior and health literacy level of food handlers in Minhang District of Shanghai, so as to provide evidence for popularizing the safety behavior and preventing food poisoning. Methods The questionnaire survey of health literacy and food safety behavior was conducted among 477 food handlers by stratified cluster random sampling in Minhang District of Shanghai. Percentage method and comprehensive method score was chosen to describe health literacy level and food safety behavior. Logistic regression analysis method was used to control the confounding factors and analyze the effects of health literacy level on food safety behavior. Results The average score of the prevalence of health literacy level testing was 22.43, and the prevalence ofhealth literacy among food handlers in Minhang District was 22.9%. The food handlers who carried out the 8 correct food safety behaviors was 92.2%,97.3%,87.6%,90. 1%,95.4%, 80.9% ,95.4% and 87.3%. The health literacy of food handlers had impact on the eight food safety behaviors. With the improvement of health literacy level, the daily standard food safety working behavior was increasing obviously. Conclusions Due to health literacy level having positive effects on food safety behavior, it is necessary to popularize the safety behavior among food handlers to prevent food poisoning by providing health education measures and applying the behavior change theories in health promotion field to improve health literacy.