麦秸还田对大豆生长和产量的影响

Effects of Wheat Straw Returning on Growth and Yield of Soybean

为促进小麦秸秆还田低碳农业措施的推广,通过田间试验,研究小麦秸秆还田对大豆幼苗生长和成熟期经济性状及产量的影响。结果表明,水分充足条件下（浇2次透水）,小麦秸秆还田处理的大豆前期出苗率和幼苗期生长明显优于无秸秆还田和未浇透水的处理;小麦秸秆还田和水分对大豆产量有显著影响,小麦秸秆还田＋浇2次透水的处理（正常施肥＋浇2次透水＋小麦秸秆全量还田,不施肥＋浇2次透水＋小麦秸秆全量还田,正常施肥＋浇2次透水＋小麦2倍全量秸秆还田）大豆产量在3 804.71-3 922.56kg/hm2,比对照（不施肥＋无小麦秸秆还田）增产69.92%-75.19%,达极显著水平。结论：水分充足条件下,小麦秸秆还田对下茬作物的生长及产量具有显著的促进作用。

The field test was conducted to study the effects of wheat straw returning on growth, economic traits and yield of soybean to promote popularization of wheat straw returning in low carbon agriculture. The emergence rate and growth of soybean seedlings of wheat straw returning treatment with two irrigations are higher than non- wheat straw returning and insufficient irrigation treatments obviously. The yield of wheat straw returning ＋ two irrigations treatments （normal fertilization ＋ two irrigations ＋ total wheat straw returning treatment, non-fertilization ＋ two irrigations ＋ total wheat straw returning treatment and normal fertilization ＋ two irrigations ＋ double wheat straw returning treatment） is 3 804. 7143 922. 56 kg/hm2, 69. 92% -75. 19% higher than CK （non-- fertilization ＋ non-- wheat straw returning treatment） , which indicates that wheat straw returning and water have the very significant effect on yield of soybean. In conclusion, wheat straw returning has the promotion effect on growth and yield of next-stubble crops under the sufficient water condition very significantly.