草海湿地喜旱莲子草基于株高和盖度的水深生态幅研究

Water depth ecological amplitude of Alternanthera philoxeroides based on coverage and plant height in the Caohai Wetland

为了给喜旱莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides的入侵机制和防治研究提供参考,采用样方法调查了不同水深条件下草海高原湿地生态系统入侵植物喜旱莲子草的株高和盖度,并采用高斯模型分析了喜旱莲子草的水深生态幅。结果表明:1喜旱莲子草基于株高的水深梯度最适生态幅区间为[-0.73 cm,69.99 cm],最适生长点为34.63cm。2喜旱莲子草基于盖度的水深梯度最适生态幅区间为[9.55 cm,67.29 cm],最适生在点为38.40 cm。3喜旱莲子草基于株高和盖度的最适生态幅区间为[9.55 cm,67.29 cm],最适生长点为37.53 cm。4喜旱莲子草在其入侵的草海湿地生境中对水深的适应性总体表现为随着水深的增加,株高和盖度呈现先增加后下降的趋势。喜旱莲子草较宽的水深生态幅为其成功入侵草海湿地生态系统提供了保障,同时喜旱莲子草对水深的适应性为其防除提供了新的思路。

To provide a reference for invasive techniques and prevention concerning A lternanthera philoxeroides, plant height and coverage of invasive A. philoxeroides in the Caohai Plateau Wetland ecosystem were surveyed at different water depths using a quadrat survey method with setting 45 temporary plots （1 m×1m） radomly and achieving 29 samples＇of data. Then, the water ecological amplitude of A. philoxeroides was determined using the Gaussian Model. Results showed that （1） based on plant height, the optimal ecological amplitude interval was [-0.73 cm, 69.99 cm], and plant height reached the maximum at 34.63 cm. （2） Based on coverage, the optimal ecological amplitude interval was [9.55 cm, 67.29 cm], and coverage reached the maximum at 38.40 cm. （3） Based on coverage and plant height, the optimal ecological amplitude interval was [9.55 cm, 67.29 cm], and the growth of A. philoxeroides reached the best at 37.53 cm. （4） In Caohai Wetland habitats, A. philoxeroides adaptability to water depth increased although it decreased with coverage and plant height. An ecological amplitude with a greater depth successfully provided protection from invasion in the Caohai Wetland ecosystems. Overall, the adaptability of A. philoxeroides to water depth provided new ideas for controlling wetlands.