2004-2013年清远市无偿献血者HIV检测结果分析

Analysis of HIV test results of voluntary blood donation in Qingyuan city during 2004-2013

目的分析清远市无偿献血者HIV检测结果,了解清远市无偿献血人群HIV感染情况、流行特征及趋势。方法选取2004年1月至2013年12月清远市无偿献血者的血液标本的HIV检测数据进行分析,标本均经2种不同厂家ELISA试剂进行筛查,对抗体筛查试验阳性（包括双试剂阳性和单试剂阳性）的标本,再进行蛋白免疫印迹法确证试验。对确证试验阳性的献血者按年份、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、地区、首次与重复献血情况进行描述分析。结果分析了162 520名献血者血样的检测结果,仅单试剂阳性确认试验均为阴性和不确定,双试剂阳性者HIV确证阳性率为0.16‰（26/162 520）。不同年份HIV确证阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义（χ2=6.50,P〉0.05）。不同性别、本地与外地献血者HIV感染情况无明显差异（P〉0.05）。感染者以首次献血者、31~40岁年龄为主,已婚者高于未婚者,文化程度较低的自由职业或无业者、农民居多。结论 HIV筛查试验仅单试剂阳性的献血者,HIV感染的几率非常小。清远市近10年来无偿献血者中HIV感染率保持较低水平。

Objective To analyze HIV test results of voluntary blood donation in Qingyuan city, and understand the situation, epidemic characteristics and trends of HIV infection in blood donors. Methods HIV test results of voluntary blood donors in Qingyuan from Jan. 2004 to Dec.2013 were analyzed. The specimens were screened by two kinds of ELISA reagents from two different companies. Positive cases of ELISA test （including two kinds of reagent positive and single reagent positive） were confirmed by Western blot test. The year, sex, age, marital status, culture degree, occupation, region, first time donation and repeated blood donation of those confirmed positive cases were analyzed. Results In 162 520 blood donation cases, the positive rate of confirmed HIV cases was 0.16 per thousand （26/162 520）. The HIV positive rates had no significant differences between different years （X2=6.50, P〉0.05）, between male and female, and between locals and outsiders. Voluntary blood donors with HIV positive were more first time donor, with age 31 to 40, married, freelancers or unemployed, with low education lever and peasants. Conclusion HIV positive rate of blood donors were low. In recent 10 years, HIV positive rates of blood donors in Qingyuan city remain low.