摘要
In the epidemiologic context of maternal obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D),the incidence of gestational diabetes has significantly increased in the last decades.Infants of diabetic mothers are prone to various neonatal adverse outcomes,including metabolic and hematologic disorders,respiratory distress,cardiac disorders and neurologic impairment due to perinatal asphyxia and birth traumas,among others.Macrosomia is the most constant consequence of diabetes and its severity is mainly influenced by maternal blood glucose level.Neonatal hypoglycemia is the main metabolic disorder that should be prevented as soon as possible after birth.The severity of macrosomia and the maternal health condition have a strong impact on the frequency and the severity of adverse neonatal outcomes.Pregestational T2 D and maternal obesity significantly increase the risk of perinatal death and birth defects.The high incidence of maternal hyperglycemia in developing countries,associated with the scarcity of maternal and neonatal care,seriously increase the burden of neonatal complications in these countries.
In the epidemiologic context of maternal obesity andtype 2 diabetes （T2D）, the incidence of gestationaldiabetes has significantly increased in the last decades.Infants of diabetic mothers are prone to variousneonatal adverse outcomes, including metabolic andhematologic disorders, respiratory distress, cardiacdisorders and neurologic impairment due to perinatalasphyxia and birth traumas, among others. Macrosomiais the most constant consequence of diabetes andits severity is mainly influenced by maternal bloodglucose level. Neonatal hypoglycemia is the mainmetabolic disorder that should be prevented as soonas possible after birth. The severity of macrosomia andthe maternal health condition have a strong impacton the frequency and the severity of adverse neonataloutcomes. Pregestational T2D and maternal obesitysignificantly increase the risk of perinatal death and birthdefects. The high incidence of maternal hyperglycemiain developing countries, associated with the scarcityof maternal and neonatal care, seriously increase theburden of neonatal complications in these countries.
