摘要
Immunohistochemistry often plays an important role in the evaluation of liver tumors. Recent advances have established a classification system for hepatocellular adenomas(HCAs) based on morphology,molecular alterations,and immunohistochemistry. Specifically,loss of liver fatty acid binding protein is seen in HNF1α-inactivated HCA,staining with serum amyloid A isseen in inflammatory HCA,and diffuse staining with glutamine synthetase(GS) is seen in β-catenin activated HCA. A panel of immunohistochemical stains including glypican-3(GPC-3),heat shock protein 70,and GS are useful in distinguishing HCC from non-malignant dysplastic nodules. Immunohistochemistry is also useful to determine whether a liver tumor is of primary hepatocellular or metastatic origin. Recently described markers useful for this purpose include arginase-1,GPC-3,and bile salt export pump. These newer markers may offer superior utility when compared to traditional markers of hepatocellular differentiation such as alpha-fetoprotein,hepatocyte paraffin-1,polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen,and CD10. This paper will review recent advances in the immunohistochemical evaluation of liver tumors.
Immunohistochemistry often plays an important role inthe evaluation of liver tumors. Recent advances haveestablished a classification system for hepatocellularadenomas （HCAs） based on morphology, molecularalterations, and immunohistochemistry. Specifically,loss of liver fatty acid binding protein is seen in HNF1α-inactivated HCA, staining with serum amyloid A isseen in inflammatory HCA, and diffuse staining withglutamine synthetase （GS） is seen in β-catenin activatedHCA. A panel of immunohistochemical stains includingglypican-3 （GPC-3）, heat shock protein 70, and GSare useful in distinguishing HCC from non-malignantdysplastic nodules. Immunohistochemistry is alsouseful to determine whether a liver tumor is of primaryhepatocellular or metastatic origin. Recently describedmarkers useful for this purpose include arginase-1,GPC-3, and bile salt export pump. These newer markersmay offer superior utility when compared to traditionalmarkers of hepatocellular differentiation such asalpha-fetoprotein, hepatocyte paraffin-1, polyclonalcarcinoembryonic antigen, and CD10. This paper willreview recent advances in the immunohistochemicalevaluation of liver tumors.
