手术室护理干预对颅脑损伤患者术后医院感染的控制作用研究

Effect of nursing interventions of operating rooms on control of postoperative nosocomial infections in craniocerebral injury patients

目的研究分析手术室护理干预对颅脑损伤术后医院感染的控制作用,为临床预防医院感染提供参考依据。方法选取2011年6月-2014年1月于医院进行颅脑损伤手术的74例患者为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组和观察组,各37例,对照组患者进行常规手术护理,观察组的患者则以手术室强化护理干预模式进行干预,即对于各项护理措施均进行频率及量的强化,比较两组患者感染率、术后住院时间及感染相关知识掌握程度,数据采用SPSS 15.0进行统计分析。结果观察组患者各类感染的发生率均低于对照组,仅呼吸道感染率为2.70%,泌尿系及创口感染发生率为0,对照组患者呼吸道、泌尿系及创口感染的发生率分别为8.11%、10.81%、8.11%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后住院时间短于对照组,观察组患者感染相关知识掌握优良率67.57%,对照组45.95%,观察组感染相关知识掌握程度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论手术室对于各项护理措施均进行频率及量的强化,有利于患者康复,减少医院感染发生率。

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of nursing interventions of operating rooms on the control of postop‐erative nosocomial infections in the patients with craniocerebral injury so as to provide guidance for clinical treat‐ment .METHODS A total of 74 patients with craniocerebral injury who received surgical procedures from Jun 2011 to Jan 2014 were recruited as the study objects and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group ,with 37 cases in each .The control group was treated with conventional surgical nursing ,while the observa‐tion group was given the intensified nursing interventions in the operating rooms ,namely to enhance the frequency and quantitative of the nursing interventions .The incidence of infections ,postoperative length of hospital stay , and acquisition of knowledge about infections were observed and compared between the two groups of patients , and the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS 15 .0 software .RESULTS The incidence of infections of the observation group was lower than that of the control group ;the incidence of respiratory tract in‐fections was 2 .70% in the observation group ,8 .11% in the control group;the incidence of urinary tract infections was 0 in the observation group ,10 .81% in the control group ;the incidence of wound infections was 0 in the ob‐servation group ,8 .11% in the control group ,and the difference was significant （P〈0 .05） .The postoperative length of hospital stay of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group .The excellent and good rate of acquisition of knowledge about infections was 67 .57% in the observation group ,higher than 45 .95% in the control group ,and the difference was significant （P〈0 .05） .CONCLUSION It is an effective way to intensify the frequency and quantitative of the nursing interventions in the operating room so as to facilitate the rehabilitation of the patients and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections .