乙烯利和萘乙酸输液滴干对核桃青皮开裂率及果实品质的影响

Effects of trunk transfusion and drip with ethrel and naphthalene acetic acid on cracking rate of green husk and fruit quality of walnut

【目的】探讨乙烯利和萘乙酸输液滴干对核桃果实青皮开裂率及果实品质的影响,为输液滴干技术在核桃采收中的应用提供参考依据。【方法】于核桃收果前18和6 d分别使用不同浓度乙烯利与萘乙酸混合溶液对核桃树进行输液滴干,测定核桃青皮开裂率、落叶率、单果重、出仁率、可溶性蛋白含量及粗脂肪含量,分析不同浓度乙烯利、萘乙酸混合液对核桃果实青皮开裂率及果实品质的影响。【结果】在收果前18 d给核桃树干输300 mg/L乙烯利+600 mg/L萘乙酸混合溶液10 L/株,核桃果实青皮开裂率达83.0%,比对照高4.9倍;收果前6 d输500 mg/L乙烯利+1000 mg/L萘乙酸混合溶液10 L/株,核桃果实青皮开裂率达78.0%,比对照高2.4倍,并无落叶加重现象,果实品质和产量未降低。【结论】乙烯利和萘乙酸输液滴干能促进核桃果实青皮开裂,以300 mg/L乙烯利+600 mg/L萘乙酸及500 mg/L乙烯利+1000mg/L萘乙酸混合液滴干效果最佳。

【Objective】The effects of trunk transfusion and drip with ethrel and naphthalene acetic acid（NAA） on walnut green husk cracking rate and fruit quality were investigated in order to provide some references for application of trunk transfusion and drip technology during walnut harvest period. 【 Method 】 The walnut trunk were transfused and driped with mixed solutions of ethrel and NAA at different concentrations on 18 and 6 days before harvest to conduct pre-test and formal test. Then the cracking rate of green husk, defoliation rate, single nut weight, kernel rate, soluble protein content,crude fat content were determined to analyse effects of mixed solutions at different concentrations on cracking rate of green husk and fruit quality of walnut. 【Result 】The results showed that the cracking rate of walnut green husk was 83.0%,which was 4.9 times higher than that of control by using 10 L mixed solution of 300 mg/L ethrel and 600 mg/L NAA on 18 days before harvest. In addition, when trunk was transfused and drip-irrigated with 10 L mixed solution of 500 mg/L ethrel and 1000 mg/L NAA on 6 days before harvest, the cracking rate of walnut green husk was 78.0% and 2.4 times higher than that of control; the defoliation rate was found without increase, and the quality and yield of fruit was found without declining. 【Conclusion 】The walnut green husk cracking can be promoted by transfusing and drip trunk with ethrel and NAA. And the optimal results can be obtained by using the mixed solution of 300 mg/L ethrel and 600 mg/L NAA, and the mixed solution of 500 mg/L ethrel and 1000 mg/L NAA transfusion and drip.