4个圆叶葡萄品种的果实品质比较分析

Comparative analysis on fruit qualities of four Vitis rotundifolia varieties

【目的】分析圆叶葡萄品种果实品质,为筛选出适宜南宁栽培且综合表现好的葡萄品种提供参考依据。【方法】分别称取卡洛斯、弗雷尔、诺贝尔和阿拉紫4个从美国引进的圆叶葡萄品种果实的穗重和单粒重,测定果粒纵、横径等果实外观品质及可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C(Vc)和可溶性总糖含量等内在品质,并进行显著性差异分析。【结果】4个圆叶葡萄品种的果实品质差异较大。弗雷尔单粒重在9.00 g以上,显著重于其他3个品种(P<0.05,下同),诺贝尔的单粒重最轻,为3.69 g;果实Vc含量从高到低依次为弗雷尔>诺贝尔>阿拉紫>卡洛斯,且各品种间差异显著;弗雷尔的可溶性固形物含量最高,为16.5%,显著高于其他品种,其次为诺贝尔和阿拉紫,两者含量相当,卡洛斯的最低,为14.5%;卡洛斯的可滴定酸含量最高,为5.04 g/L,与阿拉紫差异不显著(P>0.05),与弗雷尔和诺贝尔差异显著;可溶性总糖含量从高到低排序为诺贝尔>弗雷尔>阿拉紫>卡洛斯,且各品种间差异显著。【结论】诺贝尔适合作酿酒葡萄品种,卡洛斯适合作加工和鲜食兼用葡萄品种,弗雷尔和阿拉紫适合作鲜食葡萄品种。

【Objective】The fruit qualities of four Vitis rotundifolia varieties from America were analyzed to provide some references for screening variety with the good comprehensive performance and suitable for planting in Nanning.【Method】The single grain weight and panicle weight of four Vitis rotundifolia varieties viz., Fry, Nobel, Carlos, Alachua were weighed with electronic balance. And the related indicators of appearance and interior quality of fruit were determined, including vertical diameter, transverse diameter, soluble solid, titratable acid, vitamin C（Vc）, total sugar content. Finally, the significant differences in these indicators were analysed among four Vitis rotundifolia varieties. 【Result】There were large differences in fruit quality among 4 tested Vitis rotundifolia varieties as follows： Fry＇s single grain weight was above 9.00 g, which was significantly higher than that of other 3 varieties（P〈0.05,the same below）; Nobel ＇s single grain weight was the lowest（3.69 g）;the order of four varieties for Vc content from high to low was FryNobelCarlosAlachua, there were significant differences in Vc content among 4 varieties; the soluble solids content of Fry was the highest（16.5%）, which was significantly higher than that of other varieties, followed by Nobel and Alachua with almost same content of soluble solids, that of Carlos was the lowest（14.5%）; the titratable acid content of Carlos was the highest（5.04 g/L）, which had non-significant difference from that of Alachua and significant difference from that of Fry and Nobel（P〈0.05）; the order of four varieties for total soluble sugar content from high to low was NobelFryAlachuaCarlos and there were significant differences in total soluble sugar content among four varieties. 【Conclusion 】Nobel is suited to be wine grape variety, Carlos is suited to be processing and fresh-eating dual-purpose variety, Fry and Alachua are suited to be fresh-eating variety.