CO_2肥对保护地茄果类蔬菜光合作用和产量形成的效应

Effects of CO_2 Fertilizer on Photosynthesis and Yield Formation of Solanaceous Fruits Vegetables in Protected Fields

采用施液态CO2法,研究了CO2肥对保护地茄果蔬菜光合作用和产量形成的效应,并探讨了CO2与光合作用的关系、CO2肥增产的可能机制和CO2肥施放应注意的事项。结果表明:1)施放CO2肥,能改善保护地茄果类蔬菜的生存环境,极显著地增强光合作用,促进其生理代谢机能。2)施放CO2肥,能极显著或显著地增加茄果类蔬菜的株高、株幅、茎粗、分枝数和果实的纵径等生长发育性状,极显著地提高保护地茄果类蔬菜的平均坐果率、单株坐果数、单果重和单株产量,实现最终的极显著增产。3)CO2肥对保护地茄果类蔬菜生长发育的影响程度因种而异,总体看来,辣椒>茄子>番茄。4)CO2肥对保护地茄果类蔬菜生长发育的促进效应表现为细胞的伸长和纵向生长效应大于细胞的增殖和横向生长。

By means of applying liquid CO2 fertilizer,effects of CO2 fertilizer on photosynthesis and yield formation of solanaceous fruits Vegetables were conducted in protected field,and the relation between CO2 and photosynthesis,the hypothesis of CO2 fertilizer increasing yield and the noticeable items of applying liquid CO2 fertilizer were discussed.The results indicated that: 1) Application of liquid CO2 fertilizer,the survival environment of solanaceous fruits vegetables in protected fields was improved,leaf photosynthesis was strengthened very significantly and physiological metabolic functions of solanaceous fruits vegetables were promoted.2) Application of liquid CO2 fertilizer,the growth and development or yield traits of solanaceous fruits vegetables were promoted very significantly and yield formation was very notably or notably increased.3) The responses of different solanaceous fruits vegetables to CO2 fertilizer were different,the order of sensitive response was hot pepper > eggplant > tomato.4) The responses of different growth and development and yield characteristics of solanaceous fruits vegetable to CO2 fertilizer were also different,generally,the characteristics of cell elongation and longitudinal growth were more sensitive than that of cell hyperplasia and lateral growth(such as leaf width).