贵州草海湿地农田沟渠水质污染特征及其治理研究

Pollution characteristics and treatment of water in farmland ditch of Caohai wetland, Guizhou province

为研究农田生态沟渠对面源污染物的去除效应,于2013年春、夏两季对贵州草海城郊农田不同类型沟渠采集水样进行分析,运用综合水质标识指数法等对排污沟渠、人工生态沟渠和农田自然沟渠的水质污染状况进行评价。结果表明,高原湿地农田沟渠TN含量春季低于夏季,TP含量春季高于夏季,TN是水体中的主要污染因子,农田沟渠水质污染严重,人工生态沟渠与自然沟渠相对比氮磷的去除率提高了20~30个百分点,出水区综合水质类别达到Ⅱ类。

In order to research the removal effect on non-point source pollutant of ecological ditch, in the summer and winter of 2013, water samples in different types of ditches of Caohai wetland were collected and analyzed, using comprehensive water quality identification index method to evaluate water pollution in sewage ditches, artificial ecological ditches and farmland ditches. The results indicated that the content of TN in spring was less than that in summer, the content of TP in spring was higher than that in summer, TN was the main pollution factor, the water quality was the worst in the water district area. Compared project ditches with farmland ditches, removal rate increased 20-30 percentage points, which reached class II. It showed that ecological ditches was a very effective way to control non-point source pollution of farmland and to protect water quality of Caohai wetland.