1,4–丁二醇改性硬质三聚氰胺泡沫性能研究

Study on Modified Rigid Melamine Foam with 1,4–butanediol

以甲醛、三聚氰胺为原料合成了三聚氰胺树脂,在其合成过程中加入1,4–丁二醇单体作为改性剂,使其参与三聚氰胺泡沫的固化交联过程,以此减小泡沫脆性,提高泡沫强度。通过微观形态、力学性能、热学性能的对比分析,考察改性剂含量对泡沫性能的影响。结果表明,经过改性的三聚氰胺泡沫压缩强度以及弹性模量均有明显提升,泡孔结构更为均匀,但耐热性和阻燃性有不同程度的损失。当1,4–丁二醇添加量为10%时,泡沫的综合性能最好,其中压缩强度为0.947 MPa,压缩弹性模量为15.013 MPa,泡沫粉化率为2.90%,最大分解速率温度为376.8℃,极限氧指数为36.7%。

Melamine resin was synthetised using formaldehyde and melamine. By adding different amount of 1,4-butanediolmonomer into melamine resin, it could react with melamine resin through the curing process. The 1,4-butanediol could increase thedistance between rigid groups of melamine resin, thus enhancing the flexibility and strength of the molecular chain. The effects ofmodifier contents were studied through micromorphology, thermal properties and mechanical properties analyses. Results indicatethat by adding 1,4-butanediol monomer into melamine resin, the compression strength and elasticity modulus of melamine resinfoam are improved, and the foam structure is more uniform. But the heat resistance and fire resistance are decreased. When theadded content is 10%, the compression strength is 0.947 MPa, compression modulus is 15.013 MPa, foam powder ratio is 2.90%,temperature of maximum decomposition rate is 376.8℃ and LOI is 36.7%.