大型灌区水环境治理方案探讨——以江西省宜春市锦北灌区为例

Water Environment Treatment Plan for Large Irrigation Area——a case study of Jinbei Irrigation Area of Yichun City, Jiangxi Province

大型灌区涉及较大规模的人口和社会经济系统,水源工程的水环境容易受到影响,水污染事故时有发生。以江西省宜春市锦北灌区为例,从城镇生活垃圾、企业排污、化肥农药、外来物种、监管缺陷等5个方面,分析了灌区水源工程受污染程度越来越严重的成因及治理大型灌区水环境现状的迫切性。结合锦北灌区已经采取的加强水政巡查、政策宣传、渠道清理和联合执法等渠系水污染防治措施和积累的经验,提出应该从水环境公共利益宣讲、争取地方乡镇支持、提高灌区治理的软硬件实力等3个方面完善大型灌区水环境治理方案。

Water environment for the water source project in large irrigation areas is easily influenced and water pollution accidents also take place frequently because the systems of population and social economy are very large in terms of the scale. Taking Jinbei Irrigation Area of Yichun City, Jiangxi Province as an example, this paper analyzes the reasons leading to the worsening situation of water source project within this area from five aspects including urban domestic waste, enterprise pollution discharge, chemical fertilizer and pesticides, alien species, and supervision defects. It explains the urgency for treating current water environment in large irrigation areas. In Jinbei Irrigation Area, the measures, such as water administration patrol, policy publicity, channel cleaning, and joint enforcement of laws and regulations have been reinforced to control water pollution in canal system. Based on the accumulated experience, the paper believes that water environment treatment plan for large irrigation areas should take consideration of three aspects including publicity of public interest for water environment, pursuit of the support from local townships, and improvement of the talents and its infrastructure for the treatment in the irrigation areas.