摘要
介绍了目前国外采用超滤技术处理放射性废水的研究应用情况。研究内容包括絮凝沉淀一超滤、无机离子吸附剂离子交换一超滤、水溶性多聚物络合一超滤等三种强化超滤技术来脱除废水中的放射性核素。国外核电厂废水处理设施在原设计基础上改进预处理工艺和深度净化工艺,以超滤作为关键的预处理手段.联合离子交换或反渗透技术来处理放射性废水,进一步降低了二次废物体积和放射性浓度,获得了很好的经济效益和社会效益,这些革新性的放射性废水处理技术可为我国核设施放射性废水处理提供新的思路。
The study and application of the ultra-filtration （UF） membrane for liquid radioactive waste processing are summarized and reviewed. These treatment processes of liquid radioactive waste typically include precipitation/UF, seeded UF and polymer complexation/UF. UF is a pressure-driven, physical separation process capable of retaining submicron particles. Many nuclear power plants abroad have improved in conventional treatment of aqueous radioactive wastes. UF has been used as a crucial pretreatment step for removing colloidal precipitates or metal ions of liquid radioactive waste. At some sites, UF has been effectively implemented in combination with reverse osmosis, further reducing secondary solid waste volume and radioactivity in aqueous effluents to very low levels, which have made power plants obtain great economic and social benefit. These innovative treatments could provide new technological options to China＇s nuclear facilities.
出处
《核科学与工程》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期358-366,共9页
Nuclear Science and Engineering
关键词
放射性废水
超滤膜
絮凝沉淀
离子交换
络合
反渗透
radioactive waste water
ultra-filtration membrane
precipitation
ion exchange
complexation
reverse osmosis
