中国媒介实验动物现状调查

Survey on laboratory disease vectors in China

目的掌握中国媒介实验动物的种类,了解这些种群对杀虫剂的敏感性、用途、饲养条件等,饲养人员现状,建立媒介实验动物标准体系,促进该学科的发展。方法以全国各级疾病控制机构为主要调查对象,同时包括少数高校和研究所,采用电话与调查问卷相结合,分析中国媒介实验动物种群构成、杀虫剂敏感性等。结果本次调查收到45个机构的49份调查表。这些机构共饲养实验动物214种,包括蚊、蝇、蜚蠊、蜱、蚤、臭虫、鼠类及少数其他卫生害虫,其中71.03%的种群对某些杀虫剂敏感。饲养媒介实验动物的目的包括卫生杀虫产品评价、媒介控制技术研究、杀虫剂抗药性研究和监测、生态学研究和传播疾病机制研究。结论中国媒介实验动物饲养的种类比较丰富,以蚊类、蜚蠊和蝇类为主,其他种类的媒介实验动物饲养种群少,有些重要传病媒介在本次调查中无实验室种群,如白蛉等。

Objective In order to know the species, insecticide susceptibility, application, raising conditions and keeping staff of laboratory disease vectors, we carried out the survey in 2013. It helps to establish the Chinese standard system of laboratory vectors and promote the study of the discipline. Methods The respondents included all levels of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, scientific institutions and some of the Universities in China. The survey was carried out with telephone and email questionnaire. Data were analyzed with the statistical methods to know the results all about the laboratory vectors. Results We received 49 questionnaires from 45 agencies. There were 214 kinds of vector populations of laboratory vectors including mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, fleas, ticks, bed-bug, rodents and other pests of public health. Among them, 71.03% of laboratory vector populations were susceptible to certain pesticides. The purposes to breed and maintain the laboratory vector populations were the evaluation of insecticide products for public health, research on vector control technology, surveillance of insecticide resistance, study on the vector ecology and the mechanism of vector-borne diseases transmission. Conclusion The populations of laboratory vectors were abundant in China and the majority was mosquitoes, cockroaches and flies. However, some important disease vectors, such as sand fly, were absent from the Chinese laboratories according to this survey.