云南省边境地区埃及伊蚊分布调查

Distribution survey on Aedes aegypti in the border areas of Yunnan province, China

目的了解埃及伊蚊在云南省边境地区的分布,为登革热防控提供科学依据。方法在孳生地捕捞幼虫,对4龄幼虫分类鉴定以观察埃及伊蚊的分布;采用伊蚊布雷图指数和容器指数观察伊蚊幼虫种群密度。结果在边境17个县(市)共调查积水容器159 924个,其中有伊蚊孳生的阳性容器2388个,布雷图指数为3.97,容器指数为1.46;捕捞幼虫7489条,共3种伊蚊,其中埃及伊蚊幼虫3303条,占捕捞总数的44.10%;白纹伊蚊幼虫4119条,占55.00%;圆斑伊蚊幼虫67条,占0.90%;伊蚊幼虫高峰期为5-10月,其中最高峰为7-8月;景洪、勐腊、勐海、盈江、陇川、瑞丽、泸水7个县发现埃及伊蚊的分布。结论云南省边境地区7个县已有埃及伊蚊分布,结果提示该蚊有向周边地区逐渐扩散趋势,应引起相关部门高度重视。

Objective To investigate the distribution of Aedes aegypti in border area in Yunnan province, providing scientific information for dengue control. Methods The distribution ofAe. aegypti was investigated by collecting mosquito larvae in different breeding sites and identifying fourth instar larvae; Aedes mosquito larva population density was investigated by Aedes Breteau index and container index. Results Total of 159 924 containers were investigated from 17 border counties, of those 2388 containers were positive; the Breteau index was 3.97, the container index was 1.46. There were 7489 individual larvae were collected, belonging to 3 species, of those 3303 individual larvae were Ae. aegypti, accounting for 44.10% of total collected larvae, 4119 individual larvae were Ae. albopictus, accounting for 55.00% of total collected larvae,12 individual larvae were Ae. annandalei, accounting for 0.90% of total collected larvae. Aedes mosquito larva population density peaks were occurred from May to October, its highest peaks were July and August. Ae. aegypti distributed in 7 counties i.e. Jinghong, Mengla, Menghai, Yingjiang, Longchuan, Ruili and Lushui. Conclusion Aedes aegypti distributed in 7 border counties of Yunnan province, and results suggested that its distribution was expanding to the neighbor areas, which warrants high attentions by disease control department.