模拟湖沼钉螺迁徙水网地区生长繁殖的适应性研究

A research on the surviving and reproducing status of the imported Oncomelania snails from marshland areas to water network regions

目的探索输入性钉螺在模拟环境下螺点的形成情况。方法采用安徽省贵池自然生钉螺,按照雌雄各25、50、100、200、400、800只的剂量分别随机投入面积为4 m2的钉螺池中饲养约2年,每日记录钉螺及后代新螺生存、繁殖情况并进行统计学分析。结果 2011-2012年泥土表面总螺量呈下降趋势,不同剂量间泥土表面总螺数经秩和Wilcoxon W检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),新螺数经秩和Kruskal-Wallis检验,除12.5只/m2和100只/m2剂量组外,其他各组均有统计学意义。泥土表面总螺数2011、2012年剂量关系式分别为Y=19.08Inx-21.66(R2=0.217,调整R2=0.216,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义)和Y=6.31Inx-6.09(R2=0.299,调整R2=0.299,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义)。泥土表面新螺数2011、2012年剂量关系式分别为Y=0.05Inx+0.14(R2=0.002,调整R2=0.001,P>0.05,差异无统计学意义)和Y=0.39Inx-0.13(R2=0.041,调整R2=0.041,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义)。结论湖沼型钉螺在异地可以生殖繁衍,但各投螺剂量组在2年的观察期内未出现成规模的螺点,提示湖沼钉螺在水网地区生长繁殖不良。

Objective To know whether the imported Oncomelania snails could survive in a simulated environment. Methods Snails from Guichi, Anhui province were put into the ponds of 4 square meters on each with densities of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 pairs. In the next 2 years, the activities of the snails and their offspring snails were recorded by some person every day. Statistical methods were used for this experiment. Results The Total No. snails declined on soil surface among the two years. Wilcoxon W Test and Kruskal- Wallis test were used to analyze total No. snails and No. filial generation snails on different densities respectively, results showed that there were statistical significances on total No. snails and No. filial generation snails except 12.5 snails per square and 100 snails per square groups. The statistical formula on total No. snails to different densities in 2011 and 2012 were Y= 19.08Inx-- 21.66 （R2=-0.217, P〈0.01） and Y= 6.31Inx--6.09 （R2=0.299, P〈0.01）. On 2011 and 2012, the statistical formula on No. filial generation snails to different densities were Y=0.05Inx ＋ 0.14 （R2=0.002, P〉0.05） and Y=0.39Inx-- 0.13 （R2=0.041, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The oncomelania snails can survive in the soils in neighborhood province. But there wasn＇t any snail establishment in the two years.