黔中地区魏晋南朝考古遗存探究

Archaeological Remains in Central Guizhou from the Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties

黔中地区魏晋南朝时期的考古遗存主要分布在清镇、平坝和安顺,其墓葬的形制和随葬品,对当地两汉时期汉移民遗存有明显的承袭,也有很大的发展变化,反映了汉移民与内地保持不断联系的同时,又在追求本土化的发展。这种继承与发展实质上是两汉以来汉移民社会文化在与土著及内地的不断交往中的顺应性发展。本文通过考古发现和文献记载的相互印证和考释,认为目前发现的汉式遗存属于牂牁大姓兴起过程中的产物。这时期牂牁郡没有发生重大的军事战争、政治纷争和社会离乱,与内地王朝和汉文化始终保持密切联系,社会长期稳定发展。以谢氏为代表的牂牁大姓推动着牂牁向东、北、南转移发展,这使得这时期的牂牁郡具有了新的内涵和意义。隋唐时期的牂牁大姓正是在这样的漫长演变发展中形成的。

In central Guizhou province, archaeological remains from the Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties are distributed mainly in Qingzhen, Pingba and Anshun. The tomb layout and funerary objects in this region show clear influences of Hart dynasty remains of local Han immigrants but differences exist as well. It reflects the Han immigrants＇ continuous contacts with central China and their localization. Based on archaeological findings and historical documents, the current author argues that the discovered remains belong to the rising prominent families in Zangke county. During the Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties period, as Zangke hardly suffered from any major wars or political and social chaos, it had close contact with central China and Han culture and enjoyed long-term social stability. Local families in Zangke, with Xie family as the leading one, promoted the eastward, northward and southward developments of Zangke and eventually developed to be prominent families during the Sui and Tang dynasties.