新疆伊犁夏牧场铁、铜、锰、锌、硒营养生态环境的研究(Ⅰ)

Study on the Nutritional-ecologic Environment of Fe,Cu,Mn,Zn and Se in Yili Summer Pasture of Xinjiang(Ⅰ)

试验旨在研究新疆伊犁牧区土壤-牧草-水（溪流）中铁、铜、锰、锌、硒5种微量元素的含量、分布特征与相互关系,以评估新疆伊犁夏牧场微量元素的营养生态环境。在伊犁夏牧场卡拉卓恩（南坡）和唐布拉草地（北坡）海拔1 400~2 999m垂直带,根据海拔分别采取土壤（n=75）、牧草（n=75）和溪水（n=75）样品,测定其铁、铜、锰、锌和硒含量。结果表明,伊犁夏牧场土壤中铁、铜、锰和锌平均含量分别为15 418.4、32.6、474.5和115.8mg/kg,牧草中分别为446.0、7.8、85.7和41.9 mg/kg,土壤与牧草铁、铜、锰和锌含量的相关性（R2）分别为0.43、0.82、0.47和0.72,土壤和牧草中铁、铜、锰、锌含量随海拔变化规律不明显;溪水中不含以上4种元素;土壤和牧草中不含硒,溪水含硒极微量。由此说明,伊犁夏牧场铁元素过多,锌、锰基本适宜,铜缺乏,而硒则严重缺乏。

This experiment objective was to study the Fe,Cu,Mn, Zn,Se five kinds of trace ele- ment contents,distribution characteristics and mutual relations in the soil-grass-water （stream） in Yili pastoral area of Xinjiang, to evaluate the trace elements nutritional-ecologic environment of Yili summer pasture in Xinjiang. At the altitudinal belt of 1 400 to 2 999 m of the summer pasture of the Karajon grassland （South slope） and Tangbula grassland （North slope） of Yili,Xinjiang, the samples of soil （n：75）,herbage （n：75）,stream water （n：75） were collected according to the altitude,to determine their contents of Fe, Cu,Mn, Zn and Se for evaluating the nutritional- ecologic environment of trace elements of Yili summer pasture. The results showed that the con- tents of Fe,Cu,Mn,Zn in the soil of summer pasture on average were 15 418.4,32.6,474.5 and 115.8 mg/kg,respectively;And 446.0,7.8,85.7 and 41.9 mg/kg,respeetively in forage;The cor- relation （R2） of the contents of Fe,Cu,Mn and Zn between soil and forage were 0. 43,0. 82,0. 47 and 0.72, respectively~ The changes of Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn contents in the soil and forage were not significantly related with the altitude. There were no the 4 elements mentioned above in river streams,there was no Se in the soil and forage, and there was infinitesimal of Se in the river streams. It was concluded that in Yili summer pasture there were excessive Fe, suitable Zn and Mn,insufficient Cu,and more insufficient Se.