2013年医院抗菌药物应用调查与耐药性分析

Application of antibacterial drugs and drug resistance of bacteria in the hospital in 2013

目的探讨医院2013年抗菌药物应用及常见病原菌的耐药性,为合理应用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法对2013年1月1日-12月31日医院抗菌药物的应用、病原菌检查结果及药物敏感性进行统计分析,采用Excel建立数据库进行统计分析。结果 2013年医院抗菌药物用量前3位分别为头孢菌素类60.5%、其他β-内酰胺类18.0%和青霉素类11.0%;共分离出3 948株病原菌,检出率为13.3%,以革兰阳性菌为主,共2 273株占57.6%;革兰阳性菌对青霉素和红霉素的耐药率较高,均>60.0%;对利奈唑胺和万古霉素的耐药率较低,均<1.0%。结论 2013年医院抗菌药物应用以头孢菌素类为主,临床病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主,病原菌的耐药形势较为严峻。

OBJECTIVE To explore the use of antibacterial agents and resistance of common bacteria in the hospital in the whole year of 2013 in order to provide the scientific evidence for clinical reasonable use of antibiotics . METHODS The information of antimicrobials used from Jan .1 to Dec .31 ,2013 ,pathogen inspection results and the drug sensitivity analysis results at the same time were collected and analyzed .RESULTS According to dosage , cephalosporins （60 .5% ） ,otherβ‐lactam antibiotics （18 .0% ） and penicillin （11 .0% ） were the most frequently used in clinical treatment ,ranking the top three .Totally 3 948 bacteria were isolated ,the detected rate was 13 .3% ,mainly including 2 273 gram‐positive bacteria （57 .6% ） which had high resistances of ＆gt;60 .0% to penicil‐lin and erythromycin and lower resistances 01 .0% to linezolid and vancomycin .CONCLUSION The major anti‐bacterial agent and pathogens in the hospital in the whole year of 2013 were cephalosporins and gram‐positive bac‐teria .The resistance situation to antibacterial agents is serious .