孕妇人乳头状瘤病毒感染与新生儿感染相关性调查

Investigation on correlation between human papilloma virus infection in pregnant women and newborns

目的调查孕妇和新生儿人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况,为了解HPV的母婴垂直传播提供参考依据。方法采用HPV分型多重PCR-斑点杂交方法,检测2011年1月-2013年12月医院自愿参加HPV检查的孕妇756例,分析HPV感染分型、母婴垂直感染情况,数据采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果 756例孕妇中HPV阳性76例,HPV阳性率为10.1%;HPV阳性孕妇宫颈病变占88.2%,明显高于HPV阴性者(P<0.05);HPV多型感染率为15.8%;共检出94种HPV,其中高危型85种占90.4%,低危型9种占9.6%,HPV16是检出最多的HPV型别,占33.0%;72例HPV阳性孕妇中生产的新生儿HPV阳性15例阳性率为20.8%;母婴HPV-DNA一致率达90.5%;新生儿口腔HPV检测阳性率为80.9%,明显高于生殖器HPV检测阳性率的19.1%(P<0.05)。结论孕妇存在HPV感染,以HPV 16亚型为主,可通过垂直传播给新生儿,母婴HPV感染亚型具有较高的一致性,以口腔感染为主,临床应做好相关防护工作。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection of human papilloma virus （HPV） in pregnant women and new‐borns ,so as to provide evidences for understanding vertical transmission of HPV .METHODS HPV DNA was measured using HPV genotyping multiplex PCR‐dot‐blot hybridization method in 756 pregnant women who volun‐tarily participated in the test during Jan .2011 to Dec .2013 ,and HPV genotyping and vertical transmission were analyzed .Data were statistically analyzed with the software SPSS 13 .0 .RESULTS Totally 76 cases were infected with HPV in the 756 pregnant women ,with the infection rate of 10 .1% .The incidence of cervical lesions in the HPV positive group was 88 .2% ,which was significantly higher than that in the HPV negative group （P〈0 .05） . HPV polymorphism infection rate was 15 .8% .Among 94 kinds of HPV detected ,the high risk type was 85 kinds accounting for 90 .4% ,the low risk type was 9 kinds accounting for 9 .6% ,and HPV 16 was the main HPV type , accounting for 33 .0% .There were 15 HPV positive cases （20 .8% ） of newborns among those born by the 72 HPV positive pregnant women ,indicating the concordance rate of HPV DNA between mothers and newborns was 90 .5% .The HPV positive rate in the oral test of newborns was 80 .9% ,which was significantly higher than 19 .1% in the genital test （P〈 0 .05） .CONCLUSION Pregnant women present HPV infection ,mainly with HPV16 subtype ,and can infect the newborns through vertical transmission .HPV subtypes in newborns have high consistency to mothers ,and oral cavity is the main infection site ,for which clinicians should conduct relevant pro‐tection .