2013年急性上呼吸道感染患儿临床特点与治疗效果研究

Clinical characteristics of children with acute upper respiratory tract infections and therapeutic effect in 2013

目的分析儿科门诊急性上呼吸道感染患儿的临床特点及治疗方法,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2013年儿科门诊233例急性上呼吸道感染患儿的临床资料,总结分析其临床特点,根据不同治疗方法分为观察组112例,给予阿莫西林治疗;对照组121例,给予阿奇霉素治疗;对比两组患儿治疗效果。结果急性上呼吸道感染患儿临床表现均有咽部充血并扁桃体肿大,肺部听诊呼吸音粗,多有发热,以连续性痉挛性为主的咳嗽、鼻塞、喷嚏、声音嘶哑;急性上呼吸道感染好发于冬春季节以及年龄>5岁的儿童(P<0.01);急性上呼吸道感染患儿治疗有效率观察组为91.1%、对照组为79.4%,观察组有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论急性上呼吸道感染是儿童时期的常见疾病,起病较急、进展较快,应积极给予有效治疗,防止高热惊厥、肺炎、病毒性心肌炎等不良后果的发生,治疗中应选择敏感抗菌药物,以提高治疗效果。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics of the children with acute upper respiratory tract infections in department of pediatrics and analyze the treatment measures so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment .METHODS The clinical data of 233 children with acute upper respiratory tract infections who were treated in the department of pediatrics in 2013 were retrospectively analyzed ,and the clinical characteristics were analyzed .The participants were divided into the observation group with 112 cases and the control group with 121 cases according to the treatment measures ,the observation group was treated with amoxicillin ,while the control group was treated with azithromycin ,and the curative effects were observed and compared between the two groups of children .RESULTS The clinical manifestations of the children with acute upper respiratory tract infections in‐cluded the pharyngeal hyperemia complicated with tonsil swollen ,coarse breath sounds in lungs ,fever ,continuous and spastic cough ,nasal congestion ,sneezing ,and increased hoarseness voice .The active upper respiratory tract infections were likely occur in winter and spring as well as the children aged more than 5 years old .The effective rate of treatment of children with upper respiratory tract infections was 91 .1% in the observation group ,signifi‐cantly higher than that of the control group （P〈0 .01） .CONCLUSION The acute upper respiratory tract infection is a common disease during the childhood ,with the onset rapid ,the development fast .It is necessary to conduct effective treatment ,prevent the adverse outcomes such as hyperpyretic convulsion ,pneumonia ,and viral myocar‐ditis ,and choose sensitive antibiotics for the treatment so as to improve the curative effect .