糖尿病家族史对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的影响

Impact of family history of diabetes on pregnant women with gestational diabetes

目的探讨糖尿病(DM)家族史(FHD)对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇的影响。方法回顾性分析902例GDM孕妇的临床资料。其中,无FHD者798例(A组),有FHD者104例(B组)。结果B组患者孕前体重指数(BMI)≥24kg/m2、妊娠期高血压及子痫前期发生率高于A组(10.6%vs.5.0%、29.8%vs.17.3%)(P<0.05)。B组早产儿的发生率高于A组(7.7%vs.2.5%)(P<0.05)。产后随访90d,B组婴儿体重高于A组[(7.14±0.53)kg vs.(7.02±0.61)kg](P<0.05)。结论对有FHD的孕妇需要格外重视早孕期,即应建立合理的饮食及良好的生活习惯,严格控制体重和孕期血糖,从胚胎时期减少孕妇高血糖对胎儿的危害。

Objective To investigate the effect of family history of diabetes （FHD） on the pregnant women with gestational diabetes（GDM）. Methods Data of 902 patients with GDM were retrospectively analyzed,who were assigned into two groups of A（without FHD, 798 cases） and B （with FHD, 104 cases）. Results The percentage of pregnant women with BMI≥24 kg/mz was higher in group B than that in group A （10.6% vs. 5.0%）（P〈0. 05）. So did the incidence rates of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia （29. 8% vs. 17.3% ） （P〈0. 05） and preterm children（ 7. 7 vs. 2. 5%）（P〈0. 05）. The fetal weight was more in group B than that in group AE（7. 14±0. 53） kg vs. （7.02±0. 61） kg] （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion More attention should be paid to directing the pregnant women with GDM of FHD to take reasonable measures in daily diet and healthy lifestyle, weight control and blood sugar regulation in the early stage of pregnancy in order to reduce the risk of maternal hyperglycemia to the fetus.