空巢老人生活质量和心理及社会支持

The Empty Nesters' Life Quality,Mentality and Social Support

目的:探讨影响空巢老人生活质量因素,为今后实施社会支持性心理干预方案,提高空巢老人的生活质量,促进社区空巢老人的心理健康提供依据。方法:随机抽取60岁及以上的空巢老人共480名为研究对象,对其进行统一问卷调查。调查内容主要包括一般资料、生活质量(GQOLI-74)、社会支持(SRSS)和心理健康(SCL-90)状况等。结果:空巢老人的生活质量在年龄、性别、居住地、婚姻状况、经济状况、受教育程度间差异均有统计学意义(t=6.69,2.07,3.65,5.35,19.91,10.00;P<0.01),其中在婚姻状况、经济状况和受教育程度方面达到极显著差异(t=5.35,19.91,10.00;P<0.001);生活质量总分和SCL-90总分(r=-0.583,P<0.01)及社会支持总分(r=0.595,P<0.01)之间均存在显著相关。结论:空巢老人生活质量的好坏与空巢老人的心理健康水平和社会支持水平密切相关。

Objective： To probe the influencing factors of the empty nesters＇life quality in order to provide basis for, in the future, carrying out the project of supportive psychological intervention, improving their life quality and promoting their mental health in the community. Methods： Randomly drawing 480 empty nesters above 60 years old as objects of study, and giving them the unified questionnaire survey. The research contents mainly included：The general data, the life quality （GQOLI -74 ）, the social support （SRSS） and the state of mental health （ SCL - 90 ）, etc. Results ： The empty nesters＇ life quality in age, gender, place of residence, marital status, economic conditions and difference between the level of education had statistical significance （ t = 6.69,2.07,3.65,5.35,19.91,10. 00 ; P 〈 0.01 ）. The total points of life quality had significant correlation with SCL - 90 （ r = -0. 583, P 〈 0.01 ） and social support （ r = 0.595 ,P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusion： The life quality of empty nesters has close correlation with the level of their mental health and social support.