广州市1780名不同出生体重婴儿生长速率分析

Analysis of growth rate among 1780 infants with different birth weight in Guangzhou

目的了解不同出生体重的婴儿0-12月龄生长速率情况,探讨出生体重与婴儿期生长速率的关系。方法选择2010年1月-2013年12月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心儿童保健门诊体检的1780名婴儿为研究对象,根据1岁时体重、身长Z评分与出生时Z评分之差（ΔZ）的大小,将生长速率分为减速生长（ΔZ〈-0.67）、适宜生长（-0.67≤ΔZ≤0.67）和快速生长（ΔZ〉0.67）;并利用Pearson相关分析出生体重与生长速率之间的关系。结果小于胎龄儿在婴儿期体重增长（ΔZ评分为1.15±0.80）、身长增长（ΔZ评分为0.54±0.82）速度最快,其次为适于胎龄儿,大于胎龄儿在婴儿期生长速度相对较慢。小于胎龄儿、适于胎龄儿与大于胎龄儿婴儿期体重出现快速生长的比例分别为63.2%、25.4%和5.0%,身长出现快速生长的比例分别为37.7%、17.9%与8.9%,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;出生体重与婴儿期体重生长速率之间的关系呈显著的负相关（r=-0.610,P〈0.01）。结论出生体重与婴儿期的生长速率相关,小于胎龄儿婴儿期易出现快速生长,提示应重视小于胎龄儿的生长发育监测和管理。

Objective Objective The aim was to examine the growth rate of infants with different birth weight and explore the correlation between growth rate and birth weight. Methods This analysis included 1780 term infants who received physical examination in children＇ s health clinic of Guangzhou Women and Children＇ s Medical Center during Jan 2010 to Dec 2013. Weight and length of infants at birth and 1 year were expressed as standard deviation scores from the Guangzhou reference scores. Rapid growth was defined as an increase more than 0.67 in the Z scores between birth and the age of lyear. Similarly, we defined catch-down growth （AZ 〈 -0.67 ） and appropriate growth （ -0.67 ≤ AZ ≤ 0.67 ）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between birth weight and growth rate. Results The most rapid growth of weight （AZ： 1.15 ± 0.80） and length （AZ： 0.54 ±0.82） occurred among infants with small for gestational age （SGA）. The following were appropriate for gestational age （AGA） and large for gestational age （LGA）. The rates of rapid weight growth for SGA, AGA and LGA were 63.2% , 25.4% and 5.0%, respectively; the rates of rapid length growth for the three groups were 37.7%, 17.9% and 8.9%, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. There was negative association between birth weight and rapid weight. Conclusions Birth weight is association with rapid growth in infancy. SGA is more often rapid growth; more attention should be paid to the growth monitoring and management of SGA.