公共财政支持下的旅游产业发展模式探究

A Study of the Public Finance-based Tourism Industry Developmental Model

关于旅游经济发展模式的探讨,主要有市场主导和政府主导两种分析思路,市场主导发展模式强化市场配置旅游资源,政府主导发展模式强调政府对旅游资源的控制,两种发展模式均构建直接的资源调配方式。然而,资源的配置方式除了直接方式之外,还应有间接方式。公共财政支持下的旅游发展模式是一种层级旅游发展模式,市场居于外层,是资源配置的主体,是推动产业演化的核心力量。财政调节器居于中层,是政府调节市场的窗口和媒介。政府通过财政调节器,依靠财政资金注入方式,传递政府调控市场的意图,间接改变市场资源配置方式,进而推动产业升级。经济主体居于内层,是参与市场竞争的主体,在产业升级中发挥重要作用。通过各层级主体的相互作用,最终推动产业发展。

As regards the development model of tourism economy, there exist mainly two lines of thinking—market-oriented and government-oriented approaches. The market-oriented approach emphasizes the allocation of tourism resources via the market; while the government-oriented approach highlights the governmental control of tourism resources. Both approaches establish the direct resource allocation. However, indirect resource allocation should be adopted as well. A public finance-based tourism industry development model is a hierarchical one in whose outer circle, as is argued, lies the market, which serves as the bulk in the evolution of an industry. Second-ly, the financial modulator lies in the middle circle, which serves as a window to governmental market regulations, for the government indirectly alters the allocation of marketing resources, and thus stimulates the development of an industry, with the aid of the financial modulator which defines the ways of funding injection. Lastly, economic a-gents, located in the inner circle, play a key role in the marketing competition as well as in the promotion of an in-dustry. All the three entities in those three circles interact with each other and ultimately stimulate the industrial development.