新生代农民工城市适应障碍评价分析

New-generation Migrant Workers' City Adaptation Obstacles Evaluation and Analysis

文章基于当前新生代农民工强烈要求融入城市的社会现状,对该群体在城市适应过程中的各种障碍因素进行了分析和梳理,归纳了宏观的政府制度、中观的社会观念和微观的个人素质三方面的城市适应障碍。借助以往诸多学者的文献,文中提出了新生代农民工城市适应障碍的指标体系,通过文献研究和专家咨询相结合的方法,将各层面的障碍因素进行排序,并基于层级分析法的量化数据分析,得出各障碍因素的权重比例。依据各因素的权重排序及权重比可知,新生代农民工的城市适应是以个体内因为主导、以宏观外部政策为推力、以中观城市社会为助推的整体系统,其自身能力的提升和观念的改变才是城市适应的根本核心,宏观政策则应该侧重于提供更好的服务和保障,为外来人口适应并融入城市保驾护航,与此同时,城市社会观点即会积极响应政府接纳外来人口的合理融入。基于上述研究,文章给出了各层面可以改进的建议和启示。

New-generation migrant workers have strong desire to integrate into the city. Based on the social reality, the obstacles in their process of urban adaptation have been summarized, and they can be divided into three levels： macro government obstacles, medium society obstacles and micro individual obstacles. According to the views of many scholars in the past literatures , this paper puts forward the index system of new-generation migrant workers＇ city adaptation obstacles. Combining literature research and expert consul-tation methods, all obstacles will be ordered. And with the reference to the important degree of sorting, each factor＇s weight in the system could be calculated based on AHP. According to the sorting and the weight , it is found that for new-generation migrant workers＇ integration into the city, the personal factors is dominant, the government is push and the society is propellant. To raise their ability and change the idea, the key is to adapt to the city, macro policy should be focused on providing better service and guarantee for the floating population, and then urban citizens will accept the integration of new-generation migrant workers easily. Some effective sugges-tions and revelations towards each level were provided in the paper.