农民工职业选择的障碍与出路——基于全国31个省254个村庄农民工的调查与研究

The Obstacle and Way out of Peasant Workers' Career Choice—Based on Investigation of Migrant Workers from 254 Villages of 31Provinces in China

通过对2009-2014年全国31个省254个村庄农民工的调查研究发现,当前农民工的职业以体力劳动居多,仍集中在制造业和建筑业等传统行业,但服务业选择有所上升,省外打工比重呈下降趋势。同时,农民工的职业选择存在以下难题：社会资本有限、文化程度偏低、就业服务匮乏、保障机制缺位等。为进一步完善农民工职业选择状况,有必要采取相关措施予以解决。

Through investigation on migrant workers of 254 villages of 31 provinces in China from 2009 to 2014, it was found that the current rural migrant workers are in the majority with manual labor, still concentrated in traditional industries such as manufacturing and construction industry, but the service choice has increased, the proportion of foreign languages workers is on the decline. At the same time, it exists the following problems： social capital is limited, cultural level is low, employment services is lack, guarantee mechanism is lack, and other issues. In order to further improve the career choice of migrant workers, it is necessary to take relevant measures to solve.