苦瓜提取物30d喂养对BALB/c小鼠的毒性研究

A 30-day repeated oral toxicity study on Momordica charantia extract in BALB/c mice

目的初步探究苦瓜提取物30 d喂养对BALB/c小鼠的毒性作用。方法 80只雌性BALB/c小鼠,以体重分层随机分为2个大组,每大组40只;每大组再按体重随机分为4组,每组10只,分别为对照组,苦瓜提取物低、中、高剂量组,其中受试物试验剂量设为0、1.11、3.33、10.00 g/kg·BW,灌胃给予30 d,每周称重以调整灌胃量,实验结束后采血测各项血液学和临床生化指标,进行脏器称重、脾细胞计数以及病理组织学检查。结果受试物各剂量组小鼠体重及主要脏器系数与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);血常规检测结果显示受试物中剂量组血红蛋白含量较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),高剂量组淋巴细胞百分比较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),中性粒细胞百分比较对照组显著升高(P<0.05);受试物其他各剂量组白细胞计数及分类、红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积、平均红细胞体积、平均血红蛋白含量与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);血生化检测结果显示受试物高剂量组血糖值较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),受试物高剂量组肌酐较对照组显著降低(P<0.05);上述血常规及血生化检测指标的改变均在本实验室历史参考值范围内,故无生物学意义。受试物其他各剂量组血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、尿素、肌酐、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血糖、总蛋白、白蛋白测定值与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各剂量组小鼠的肝、肾、胃、脾的病理指标也未显示出有受试物引起的异常改变。结论苦瓜提取物喂养30 d对正常BALB/c小鼠未见明显毒性作用。

Objective To preliminarily investigate the 30 - day repeated oral toxicity of Momordica charantia extract （MCE） in BALB/c mice. Methods Eighty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two clusters based on the body weight, and each weight-based cluster included four groups （each n= 10）, negative control, low- , intermediate- and high- dose MCE groups. The mice were administered intragastfieally with MCE at the dosages of 0, 1.11, 3.33 and 10.00 g/kg. BW re- spectively for 30 days, and the body weight was measured once a week to adjust the gavage volume. By the end of the study, blood samples were collected for blood routine test and biochemical indexes, organ weighing and the spleen cell counting. His- topathologic examinations were performed on all animals euthanized for necropsy. Results The weight gain and the main or- gans＇ coefficients of mice in all the treated groups were similar to those in the non- treated group, with no statistically significant difference （P 〉0.05）. The level of hemoglobin in the middle dosage group of MCE was significantly lower than that in the nega- tive control group （ P 〈 0.05）. The percentage of lymphocyte in the high dosage group of MCE was significantly lower than that in the negative control group （P 〈 0.05）, and the percentage of neutrophil in the high dosage group of MCE was significantly higher than that in the negative control group （P ~ 0.05）. No statistically significant differences were found in white blood cell count and differential count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration between the low dosage group of MCE and the normal control group （P 〉0.05）. Clinical biochemical parameters showed that the level of glucose in the high dosage group of MCE was significantly higher than that of the negative control group （P〈0.05）, while the level of creatinine in the high dosage group of MCE was significantly lower than that of the negative control group （P 〈 0.05）. However, all the changes in the detected indexes of blood routine test and blood biochemical examination were within the scope of the historical references in our laboratory, so there was no biological significance. Aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, blcxxt urea nitrogen, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, albumin and se- rum total protein of mice in all treated groups were normal （P 〉 0.05 ）. No pathological changes in liver, kidney, stomach and spleen were observed under microscope for the mice of all the treated groups. Conclusions No obvious toxicity effect is ob- served in the mice fed with MCE for 30 days.