“无主体性”村庄选举及其结构解释——基于江西P村选举观察的探索性分析

Village Elections“Without Subjects”and Its Structural Explanation:An Exploratory Analysis Based on the Election Observation of Village P in Jiangxi

现有文献对于村庄选举的研究多是在假定村民主动参与了选举投票的前提下解释村民选举行为的差异或者村庄选举的地区性差异。基于江西P村选举观察发现,村民对选举并不关心,大量选民未参与选举投票,选举主体在选举中"集体失语",选举沦为村干部们的"独角戏",呈现出"无主体性"村庄选举现象。村庄的权力结构固化、利益结构分化以及社会结构退化等结构性因素是导致该现象出现的原因,但村庄选举与这些结构性因素的具体关联还有待于进一步使用大样本数据进行实证检验,其对于村级治理的影响也需要持续地跟踪观察和研究。

Most existing literature for the study of village elections is to explain the differences of villagers＂ behavior in the election or regional differences in the assumption that villagers participate in the election actively. Based on the election observation in Village P, Jiangxi, the villagers didn＇t care about the election and the election subjects showed ＂collective aphasia＂ in the election. The elections changed to a ＂one-man show＂ for village cadres, showing a phenomenon of village elections ＂without subjects＂. Some structural factors, such as the crystallized village power structure, the division of the interest structure and social structure degradation, are the causes of this phenomenon. Specific association of village elections and these structural factors remains to be further tested empirically by using large sample data. We also need continue to track and study the effect on village governance.