江苏省托幼机构小班儿童龋病调查分析

Prevalence of dental caries in junior kindergarten of Jiangsu province:an epidemiological study

目的了解江苏省托幼机构小班儿童乳牙龋齿的患病情况及影响因素,研究儿童龋齿的预防方法。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对江苏省13个地区共25 862例托幼机构小班儿童的乳牙患龋情况进行调查。结果江苏省托幼机构小班儿童总的患龋率达41.89%,上颌各牙位患龋率从高到低依次为:乳中切牙>乳侧切牙>第二乳磨牙>第一乳磨牙>尖牙;下颌患龋率从高到低依次为:第二乳磨牙>第一乳磨牙>下颌前牙。不同性别的儿童患龋率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);城市、农村儿童患龋率差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);患龋率不同年龄段间有差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论江苏省入托儿童即有较高的乳牙患龋率,加强儿童家庭口腔健康宣教、做好早期口腔保健是降低儿童患龋率之必需。

Objective To determine the prevalence of deciduous tooth caries and its influencing factors among junior kindergarten children of Jiangsu province,and to make recommendation for prevention of dental caries. Methods A closed ended questionnaire according to WHO 1997 methodology was used to collect the data. An epidemiological stratified cluster sampling method was carried out among 25 862 children in junior kindergarten in 13 area of Jiangsu,and the children were examined for the presence of dental caries（at the same time tooth fluoride）. Results The overall prevalence of deciduous tooth caries was 41.89% for junior kindergarten of Jiangsu province. Dental caries prevalence of maxillary dentition from high to low was：deciduous teeth,primary lateral incisor, second deciduous molar, first deciduous molar and canine. However, the prevalence of mandibular dentition from high to low was：second deciduous molar, first deciduous molar and mandibular anterior teeth. The prevalence of dental caries in rural was considerably higher than that in urban（P^0. 01）,and the prevalence in 4 years old children was extremely high compared with 3 years old children（P〈0. 001）. However,the preva- lence of dental caries had no gender difference （P〉0.05）. Conclusions The study concludes that the prevalence of dental caries in junior kindergarten children of Jiangsu province is high. It is necessary to introduce oral health knowledge and increase fluoride application for reducing the caries prevalence of primary dentition and maintaining children of those caries.