美国家庭医生式服务的历史演变及启示

Historical Evolution and Enlightenment of the Patient-centered Medical Home in America

建立健全以全科医生团队为基础的社区卫生服务是增强居民健康管理的重要举措。美国的基层卫生服务经过40多年不断探索,逐渐形成了一套较为完善的卫生服务模式——家庭医生式服务(PCMH)。该模式以患者健康为首要目标,以全科医生为主导,采用多学科协作的方式,为患者提供全面且长期的基本医疗服务,以最大限度地促进患者健康。本研究介绍了PCMH的发展历程和实施效果,分析了其发展中各阶段的特点,并探讨了其对我国开展家庭医生式服务的启示。

The establishment and improvement of community health service based on the team of general practitioners is a crucial measure in enhancing the health management of residents .After 40 years′exploration, the US has developed a good health service model for basic health service , which is the patient -centered medical home （ PCMH） .The model is primarily targeted at improving patients′health, with general practitioners as the leading force and multidisciplinary coordination as the mode, in order to provide comprehensive and long -term basic health service and improve patients′health to the utmost.In the study, we introduced the development process and implementation effect of PCMH , analyzed the characteristics in each stage of its development and investigated its enlightenment for the development of family doctor service in China .