碳纤维增强复合材料在轨道车辆中的应用

Application of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer in rail vehicle

轻量化是减少列车运行能耗的一个关键指标,碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)是车体轻量设计的优选材料。文章阐述了目前车体轻量化的主要实现途径,轻量化对节能的意义,及国内外CFRP在轨道交通领域的应用情况。CFRP正从非承载结构零件向承载构件、从零部件向大型结构件延伸扩展;其用量正在逐渐提高。但CFRP要想广泛应用于轨道交通,必须在成本上有更大的改进空间,提高设计研发人员复合材料构件的设计和制造经验,从维护到运营成本的整个系统范围内的利益进行评估和平衡。

Lightweight is a key index to reduce the energy consumption of train operation, carbon fiberreinforced polymer （CFRP） is the preferred material for lightweight vehicle design. The paper describes the current main ways for lightweight of car body, significance of lightweight for energy saving, and the application status of CFRP in the rail transportation field. The application of CFRP shows the following characteristics： from non- bearing structural parts extending to bearing structural parts; from components spreading to large-scale structures; the usages of CFRP are greatly increased. But,if the CFRP were widely applied in track traffic,there must be greater room for improvement in terms of costs, the design and manufacturing experiences of the staff engaged in composite structures research and development must be improved,the system-wide interests from maintenance to operational costs must be assessed and balanced.