平顶山矿区差异化岩溶作用及形成机理分析

Analysis on Difference Karstification and Karst Development Mechanism in Pingdingshan Mining Area

为了有效预防和治理平顶山矿区深部岩溶水害,从岩石的可溶性、可溶岩的透水性、地下水化学特征与循环交替状况等4个方面分析了矿区岩溶发育机理;并结合钻孔揭露溶洞数量和矿井突水点与标高之间的关系,以及地质构造和岩溶作用在空间上的不均匀性,揭示了矿区岩溶发育的空间差异性。结果表明:矿区岩溶发育在垂向上具有明显的分带性,随着深度的增加,岩溶发育程度逐渐减弱;由于受到李口集向斜的控制和锅底山断层的影响,岩溶作用在水平方向上具有显著的不均匀性,主要表现为由西南向东北逐渐减弱;在差异性岩溶作用和断裂构造局部发育的影响下,区内分布有数个条带形岩溶水富集区。这为井田深部开采所面临的岩溶水害分区域多层次综合防治具有重要的指导意义。

To prevent and control the deep karst water disasters of Pingdingshan mining area effectively,the karst development mechanism of the mining area was researched through the analysis of solubility of rocks,the permeability of soluble rocks,the groundwater erosion and the circulation condition; and synthesized the relationships between the number of the drilled caves and the mine water inrush points and elevation,with the geological structure and karst heterogeneity in space,revealed the mining area karst development law in vertical and horizontal directions. The results show that: the karst development has obvious vertical zonality,with the increase of depth,karst development gradually weakened; and impacted of Likouji syncline and Guodishan fault,it has significant inhomogeneity in the horizontal direction,gradually weakened from the southwest to the Northeast; and a number of rich water fracture zones distributed throughout the mining area,due to interaction of difference karstification and fault structural. These provided the scientific basis for the subregional multi-level comprehensive prevention and control of water disasters in deep mining.