河南省部分农村地区6岁留守儿童及家长口腔健康知信行调查

Oral health knowledge attitude and behavior among six-year-old left-behind rural children in Henan Province

目的了解河南省农村6岁留守儿童口腔健康行为及家长的口腔健康知识和态度,为其口腔保健工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,选择河南省农村159名6岁留守儿童家长作为调查对象,并以150名非留守儿童作为对照。参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查5岁儿童家长问卷,设计调查问卷,问卷由家长当场填答后收回。结果 8.8%的留守儿童经常睡前吃甜食;留守儿童每天进食至少1次的食品主要是甜点(56.0%)、糖果或巧克力(41.5%)、糖水(34.6%)、碳酸饮料(35.2%)、加糖果汁(35.2%);59.7%的留守儿童每天刷牙1次及以上;留守儿童含氟牙膏使用率为20.8%;5.7%的留守儿童家长每天帮助孩子刷牙;留守儿童1 a内就医比例为37.7%。留守儿童与非留守儿童相比,每日刷牙次数、家长帮助刷牙频率及1 a内就医率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为9.845,8.668,P值均<0.05);饮食习惯、开始刷牙年龄、含氟牙膏使用率、家长的口腔健康知识知晓率及口腔健康态度差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论河南省农村6岁留守儿童的口腔健康行为、就医行为不容乐观,家长的口腔健康知识缺乏,对儿童口腔健康不够重视,应抓好农村留守儿童及家长的口腔健康教育工作。

Objective To investigate oral health care habits among six-year-old left-behind { LB } children in rural areas of Henan province. Methods Guardians of 159 left-behind children from rural areas of Henan province were selected and surveyed u- sing stratified random sampling method, and guardians of 150 non left-behind children were selected as control group. The survey questionnaire was developed according to the third national oral health epidemiological survey. Results About 8.8% of LB children eat sweet food before sleep, including desserts （56%）, candy or chocolate （41.5%）, sugar water （34.6%）, carbonated beverage （ 35.2% ） and sugar-contained fruit juice （ 35.2%）. More than half of the LB children brush teeth once or more one day and 20.8% of children use fluoride-contained toothpaste. About 5.7% of guardians help LB children brush teeth every day. Approximately 37.7% of LB children have visited dentists in the past year. There were statistical differences between LB and non-LB children in frequency of brushing teeth, number of guardians helping children brush teeth and proportion of children visiting dentist in the past year. There were no statistical differences among diet habits, onset age of brush teeth, usage of fluoride-contained toothpaste, and oral health knowledge and guardians attitude towards oral health care. Conclusion Six-year-old left-behind children in Henan province have worrisome oral heahhcare habits and their guardians have inadequate oral health knowledge. Efforts are needed to im- prove oral health among rural left-behind children.