锻炼行为阶段改变对肥胖青少年生活质量的影响

Influence of stages of exercise change on quality of life in obese adolescents

目的探讨肥胖青少年身体锻炼行为阶段改变对主观生活质量的影响,为肥胖青少年制定运动锻炼干预策略及提高生活质量提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,筛选盐城市11~18岁中小学生中肥胖青少年268名,采用问卷调查的方式收集研究对象一般资料及所处的运动行为阶段,采用＂儿童少年生活质量量表＂评估健康相关生活质量。结果肥胖青少年前意向阶段占33.96%,意向阶段25.00%,准备阶段21.27%,行动阶段15.67%,维持阶段4.10%。生活质量总分及生理、心理、社会因素、生活环境各维度得分分别为（141.53±6.24）、（32.03±2.42）、（43.52±2.46）、（45.27±2.54）、（18.62±2.26）分。单因素方差分析显示,生活质量生理、心理维度及总分在不同行为阶段间差异均有统计学意义（F值分别为145.408,134.542,113.163,P值均〈0.05）;秩和相关分析显示,生活质量生理、心理维度及生活质量总分与运动锻炼的阶段行为存在正相关（r值分别为0.663,0.654,0.704,P值均〈0.05）。结论不同运动行为阶段肥胖青少年的生活质量总分及生理、心理维度得分差异有统计学意义,进行有规律的运动锻炼可明显改善肥胖青少年的生理、心理状态及生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of stages of exercise change on quality of life in obese adolescents. Meth- ods Stratified cluster sampling was used to school children and 268 obese adolescents were selected. General information and sta- ges of exercise change were collected, with health-related quality of life evaluated. Results The incidence of obese adolescents in first stage accounted for 33.96%, intent stage 25.00%, preparation stage 21.27%, the action stage 15.67%, and maintenance phase 4.10%. General score of quality of life and specific domains on physiology, psychology, social factors and living environment were{ 141.53±6.24）, [ 32.03±2.42）, [ 43.52±2.46）, [ 45.27±2.54）, （ 18.62±2.26）, respectively. Analysis of covariance （ AN- COVA ） showed significant effect of stages of change in terms of physical, psychosocial dimensions and general score of quality of life （ F= 145.408, 134. 542, 113.163, P〈0.05 ）. There was a significantly positive relation between physical, psychosocial dimen- sions and stages of change （ r=0.663, 0.654, P=0.037, 0.040）. There was a significantly positive relation between total score of quality of life and stages of change （ r = 0.704, P = 0.023 ）. Conclusion In obese adolescents, quality of life varies with the stages of change for exercise. Regular physical exercise can improve obese adolescents＂ quality of life.