桂林市城区庭院绿地木本植物组成特征

Composition Characteristics of Woody Plant in Yard-greenbelts of Guilin Urban Area

对桂林市城区庭院绿地的木本植物组成特征进行了研究,结果显示,桂林市城区用于庭院绿化的木本植物有341种,分属79科186属,其中裸子植物8科18属30种,被子植物71科168属311种,同时包括有国家法定重点保护种19种(其中Ⅰ级重点保护的8种,Ⅱ级重点保护的11种),用于庭院绿化的木本植物多样性程度较高。按来源,本地种占43.7%,国内引入种占48.7%,国外引进种占7.6%,表现出乡土种偏少,外来种在桂林市城区绿化中应用较广泛。科属的地理成分复杂,热带性分布占优势,温带性成分也有较大比重。生活型组成是乔木树种居多,与灌木及藤本植物之间呈5.1∶4.6∶0.3的组合格局;常绿成分为主,常绿与落叶的种类构成为8∶2,桂林市城区庭院绿化植物景观的地带性明显,具有中亚热带常绿阔叶林的特色。

The composition characteristics of woody plants in yard-greenbehs of Guilin urban area were studied. Results showed that the number of woody plants applied in Guilin urban area greening was 341 ,which belonged to 79 families and 186 genera. Among them, 30 species belonged to 18 genera and 8 families were of gymnosperms, and 311 species belonged to 168 genera and 71 families were of angiosperms. Also,19 species were under national legal protection （including 8 species of national first-class protected plants and 11 species of national second-class protected plants）. From what have been mentioned above, it is not hard to see that woody plants applied in city afforestation have occupied a high degree in diversity. According to the origin of the plants species, 43.7% species were local plants, 48.7% were introduced from other regions of China, and 7.6% were introduced from foreign countries, from which we can see that less local woody plants species were applied in Guilin urban area greening compared with alien species. The investigation results also showed that the geographical elements of both family and genera were complex, the tropical element dominated the whole woody plants, and temperate element took larger proportion. Referring to the life forms, the arbors was dominant and the ratio was 5.1：4.6：0.3 compared with the shrubs and vines and the evergreen composition was given priority to that of hardwood with a proportion 8： 2, which reflects that the Guilin urban area greening plants landscapes have an obvious zonality, and are typical of the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest characteristics.