数量折扣契约下供应链应对突发事件的协调研究

Coordination of Supply Chain under Disruptions with Quantity Discount Contract

文中研究了突发事件使得市场需求发生扰动时,集权、分权供应链基于数量折扣契约重新进行协调的最优策略。证明了数量折扣契约在稳定环境下可以实现供应链的协调,同时说明了实现供应链协调的重要性。对于集权供应链,原有的生产计划在市场规模发生变化时具有一定程度的鲁棒性,但是当其扰动超过一定幅度时,供应链将不再协调,供应链系统必须改变生产计划来实现利润最大化。对于分权供应链,原数量折扣契约不能使需求发生扰动后的供应链达到协调,需要设计新的数量折扣契约使其协调。最后,通过算例验证了文中的主要结论并说明了数量折扣契约的价值。

In this paper, coordination policies for a supply chain that experiences demand disruptions in the planning horizon are presented.The disruption management decisions from the point view of the supplier when demand disrupt under the mode of concentrated and decentralized supply chain are analyzed.It is proved that a quantity discount contract can be used to coordinate the supply chain under normal environment.Under centralized decision-making model,the original production plan of the supply chain has certaro robustness and it is necessary to change the original production plan to maximize the supply chain profit when the disruptions change greatly enough.Under the decentralized decision-making model,it is proved that the supply chain cannot be coordinated by the original quantity discount contract and the new appropriate quantity discount contract is designed to coordinate the supply chain after disruptions.Finally,a numerical example is given to prove the main conclusion of this paper and illustrate the value of the contract.