植物对氯化钠和硫酸钠胁迫生理响应研究进展

Research Progress on Physiological Responses of Plants to NaCl and Na_2SO_4 Stress

氯化钠是一种最为常见的盐胁迫类型,在我国乃至全球分布面积最大。但在某些地区(如我国"三北"的局部地区),硫酸钠、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠等类型盐渍土的面积更大、危害更深,且有很多植物(如碱蓬、白刺、柽柳等)常分布于多种不同类型的盐碱地。因此,开展植物对不同类型盐碱胁迫对比研究、探讨其内在生理机制的异同显得尤为迫切和必要,并极具现实意义和理论价值。根据国内外文献资料,文中在总结盐胁迫生长抑制效应的基础上,对比、分析了植物对氯化钠和碳酸钠胁迫的生理响应异同,主要包括离子代谢生理、水分与渗透调节生理、光合生理等,并对该领域存在的问题和未来研究重点进行了探讨,以期为同类研究提供参考与借鉴。

As one of the most commonly seen types of salt stress, NaCl-stressed land is largely distributed in China and even in the world. However, in some regions （ such as the certain area of the ＂Three North＂ ）, the types of saline soil of Na2SO4, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, etc. sometimes occupy larger area and impose heavier damage than the NaCI type. Also, many species of plants like Suaeda spp. , Nitraria spp. , Tamarix spp. , oftern are distributed on the different types of saline-alkaline land. In this sense, it is particularly urgent and necessary as well as of great realistic significance and theoretic value to carry out comparative research on plants response to different types of salinity stress and to further explore the similarities and differences between their intrinsic physiological mechanisms. Based on a literature review, the paper concluded the growth inhibitory effects of NaC1 and Na2SO4 stress, and systematically compared and further analyzed the similarities and differences in plant physiological responses to NaC1 and Na2SO4 stress, mainly including ionic metabolism, water relations, osmotic regulation, photosynthesis, etc. Finally, the problems and the focuses of future research in this field were also discussed, with the aim to provide references for similar studies.