香脂树泌油特性与机制及其应用研究进展

Research Advances in Oleoresin Exudation Characteristic and Mechanism of Balsam Trees and Their Application

香脂树是植物树体内可分泌物理性质与柴油相似的树脂油的一类树种,在开发内外用药物制剂、天然精油、专业护理产品等医药和日用方面具有广泛用途,并成为热带地区重要的非木材林产品之一。目前,因香脂树天然分布区域较窄、野生资源分布少以及泌油特性与机制不清等问题,在一定程度上影响了对该树种的认知度和资源的开发利用。文中综述香脂树的种类及分布、泌油生物学特性与机理、树脂油理化性质及其在药用和日用方面的应用,探讨香脂树研究与应用中存在的问题,并对今后研究方向提出展望,旨在为深入开展香脂树相关研究提供参考。

Balsam tree is a species that can exude oleoresin from tree trunk after being perforated, which is similar to diesel in physical properties. With being widely used in inter and external medicine, natural essential oils and professional care products, oleoresin from balsam trees is the one of most important types of non timber forest product in tropical area. Nowadays, balsam trees have not been well known or commercially utilized due to narrow distribution belt, small resource reserves and insufficient knowledge about oleoresin exudation characteristic and mechanism. The paper reviewed the types of balsam trees and their distribution, biological characteristics and mechanism of its oleoresin exudation, physical and chemical properties of oleoresin, and its application to medicinal and daily use. The problems arising from the research and application balsam trees were discussed, and the future research direction was prospected, with the expectation to provide references to research relating to balsam trees.