中日两国山茶花的渊源及异同

Origin and Differences of Camellia Between China and Japan

为了解决中日山茶花名称不统一的问题,以利于中日两国山茶花的交流,文中在综述中日两国山茶花栽培史及渊源的基础上,对中日山茶花名称及形态特征进行考证。结果表明:中日山茶花栽培历史源远流长;山茶花(Camellia japonica Linn.)原产于中国;自唐朝时,日本开始从中国引进山茶花,命名为椿;雪椿(C.japonica var.decumbens)是山茶花的一个变种;茶梅(C.sasanqua Thunb.)原产于日本,在日本称作山茶花,传入中国以后被称作茶梅。

In order to solve the problem that Camellia gets different names in China and Japan and facilitate the communication between the two countries, the paper studied the name and morphological characteristics of different species of Camellia in China and Japan on the basis of reviewing the Camellia cultivation history and origins in both countries. The result was as follow： China and Japan have a long history of Camellia cultivation. C. japonica Linn. was native to China. It was introduced to Japan from China since the Tang Dynasty, and named tsubaki. C. japonica var. decumbens was a variety of C. japonica Linn. C. sasanqua Thunb. was native to Japan, referred to as sazannka. It was introduced to China with the name of chamei.