植物组蛋白乙酰基转移酶的研究进展

Research Progress of Plant Histone Acetyltransferases

组蛋白乙酰化是一个动态的、可逆的过程,包括组蛋白乙酰化和去乙酰化两个过程。组蛋白乙酰基转移酶催化组蛋白乙酰化,与组蛋白去乙酰化酶共同作用来调节组蛋白乙酰化状态。组蛋白乙酰化状态影响染色质的结构,进而影响基因的转录,在植物的生长、发育和胁迫反应过程中具有十分重要的调节作用。对组蛋白乙酰基转移酶的细胞内分布、分类、底物特异性以及在发育和胁迫反应中的功能进行了综述。

Histone acetylation is a dynamic and reversible process, including histone acetylation and de-acetylation. Histone acetyltransferases mediate histone acetylation and act in concert with histone deacetylases to regulate the status of histone acetylation, which modifies chromatin structure, affects gene transcription and thus plays a crucial regulatory role in plant growth, development and stress responses. In this review, we summarize the current research progress of histone acetyhransferases in respects of cellular distribution, classification, substrate specificity and functions.