试析当前我国国家治理面临的双重风险与民主政治建设的战略重心

Analysis on the Dual Risks for Contemporary Chinese National Governance and the Strategic Emphasis of Democratic Politics

社会转型中,国家权力作用和民主权利行使的张力关系使国家治理面临着合法性危机和治理失效的双重风险。民主政治建设不仅要在推进程度上适应民众权利意识不断增强的需要,更要在战略重心选择上立足于国家治理的具体需求。不能带来治理绩效的民主实践注定是失败的,自由主义民主在中国不仅行不通,而且危害巨大。治理民主用"参与"改造治理以解合法性危机,用"善治"规范民主以防治理失效,符合人民民主的价值旨意,有利于实现政治参与的有序化,社会与政府治理能力的互动提升,国家认同的现代化,应该成为我国社会主义民主政治建设的战略重心。治理民主发展的关键是把治理嵌入已有的民主政治制度中,以"治理"作为民主政治制度运转和完善的支撑点,具体策略包括:完善社会体制;加强人大重大事项决定权的行使;丰富民众行使民主权利的形式;全面推进法治中国建设。

Due to the tension between the state power and the civic right, the national governance is faced with dual risks of both the legitimation crisis and the governance invalidation in China＇s social transformation. The construction of democratic politics thus has to meet the demands of the increasing enhance of rights consciousness and what＇s more important is that the strategic emphasis must accommodate the specific needs of national governance. The democratic practice without governance performance is doomed to failure. The liberalist democracy is unfit for China, and in addition, it does great harm to Chinese democracy. ＂Governance democracy＂ transforms the national governance by ＂participatory democracy＂ in order to relieve the legitimation crisis and gauges the democracy through good governance in order to prevent governance invalidation. It applies to the people＇s value choice and helps to make the participatory democracy orderly, which should be the strategic emphasis of Chinese democratic politics. The focus of ＂participatory democracy＂ is to implant governance into the given democratic institutions and to make ＂governance＂ be the basement of democracy, which includes： to improve the social system; to strengthen the legislative authority on the decision of major issues; to enrich the enforcement of right; to push ahead systematically the project of ＂rule by law＂.