马克思资本主义批判的时间向度

The Time Dimension of Marx's Critique of Capitalism

区别于传统的自然时间概念,马克思所阐发的"时间"是扎根于人的现实物质生产活动当中,具有社会历史意义的社会时间。正是在这种时间观的变革中,马克思完成了对资本主义的批判。马克思首先从人类历史发展的一般规律出发,以"生成性时间"批判了资本主义"千年王国"的意识形态幻象。随后深入资本主义生产过程中,以"物化劳动时间"批判完成了对资本主义必将灭亡的政治经济学指认。最后,以"自由时间"构建起科学的共产主义学说,为人的自由全面发展奠定基础,实现了对资本主义批判的理论完成与价值完成。通过"时间"范畴来管窥马克思的资本主义批判理论,为我们正确认识资本主义与马克思思想理论的要旨提供了广阔视野。

Different from the traditional natural time, the time which Marx expounded is social time. It rooted in human＇s reality material production activities, with social and history significance. In this view of time, Marx completed the critique of capitalism. Firstly, Marx starts from the general rule of human history, taking the ＂Generative Time＂ to criticize the ideological illusion of ＂Millennium Capitalism＂. Then he takes the political economics as the horizon, goes deep into the capitalist production process, using the ＂Materialized Labor Time＂ to illustrate capitalism must be perish. Finally, he build up the scientific theory of communism with ＂Free Time＂, laid the foundation for the human＇s free and full development, achieved the theory complete and value complete of the capitalist criticism. By the ＂time＂ category to get a glimpse of Marx＇s criticism of capitalism, providing us a wide field of vision to correctly understanding the capitalism and the gist of Marx＇s thought.