强风局部地貌下高速列车非定常气动性能

Unsteady aerodynamic performance of high-speed train on local geomorphology under strong wind

基于三维、非定常、可压缩雷诺时均N-S方程和标准κ-ε双方程湍流模型,采用滑移网格方法,对列车通过隧道进入风区后,风-车-桥-地形耦合作用下高速列车气动性能进行模拟。模拟线路周围的复杂地形地貌,针对8节编组的和谐号高速列车以350 km/h速度在强侧风复杂地貌下的运行进行研究。研究结果表明:地形显著改变沿线风速分布情况,并通过改变风速来影响列车气动性能;列车在驶出隧道突入风区时气动力急剧增加。此后,列车沿风区线路运行时,所受侧向力变化明显,其中头车侧向力变化最小,尾车最大;与侧向力相比列车升力变化不明显,头车升力变化最大,尾车升力变化最小。通过对沿线风速的监测,可知地形对沿线风速改变显著。

Based on the three-dimensional unsteady compressible Reynolds-averaged N-S equation and the standard K-e dual equation turbulence model, the operation of high-speed train was simulated coupling with the wind-train-bridge-terrain by using sliding mesh method. The model of terrain around the railway line was constructed according to real situation. The running of 8-car EMU at the speed of 350 km/h under the strong wind was researched. The results indicate that the distribution of wind velocity along the railway is changed significantly with the change of terrain, and the aerodynamic performance of train is affected by the mutative wind velocity. The aerodynamic of train increases sharply when the train is pulled out of the tunnel into the wind zone. Thereafter, when the train is running on the railway in the wind zone, the lateral force of train changes significantly. The change of truck lateral force is the least, and the tail car is the largest. The change of lift force is not significant compared to lateral force. The change of truck lift force is the largest, and the tail car is the least. The change of terrain affects wind velocity along the railway significantly according to monitoring wind velocity.