羌族传统节日景观的复兴与流变——以羌年为例

On the Renaissance and Change of Qiang Nationality's Traditional Festival Landscape:Take the New Year of Qiang Calendar as Example

传统节日景观是历时性民俗事项的精华,承载着一个民族的物质文明与精神文明。羌年是羌族传统节日景观的代表,汶川大地震后,羌年在政府主导之下,通过社会各界及广大羌族同胞的共同参与支持得以复兴,同时也呈现出一定的流变性,具体表现在城镇官方羌年庆典兴盛,村寨自发羌年式微;文化展演色调浓厚,神圣意味弱化;节日内容趋于碎片化、符号化;节日与旅游勾连;节日内涵的压缩化和外延的扩大化等。

Traditional festival landscape, which bear the material civilization and spiritual civilization of a nation, are the essence of historical folk customs. The New Year of Qiang Calendar is the representative of Qiang nationality＇ s traditional festival landscape. After the Wenchuan earthquake, guided by the government and supported by all circles of society as well as the Qiang compatriots, the New Year of Qiang Calendar was able to revive. Meanwhile, some changes emerged. Some specific changes include： official celebrations in urban areas thrives while spontaneous celebration in rural areas declines; cultural exhibition becomes the main theme while sacred meanings are weakening; the contents of the festival are prone to be fragmentized and symbolized; the festival is bounded with tourism; the connotation of the festival is compressed while the extension is expanded, etc.