文化唯物主义视角下藏族不吃鱼饮食现象研究

Study on the Diet Phenomenon of Tibetan Fish-Food Avoidance from the Perspective of Cultural Materialism

以美国人类学家马文·哈里斯文化唯物主义相关理论为指导,以主位/客位研究方法为手段,通过大量详实可靠的统计数据和调查资料,从多个角度对藏族同胞不吃鱼饮食现象进行解读,认为该饮食现象的形成主要是由青藏高原地区鱼类生长繁殖缓慢的生物学特性,鱼肉供给热能低的营养学特点,捕鱼养鱼高投入低产出的经济学特点共同作用的结果。

Instructed by the related theories of cultural materialism of American anthropologist Marvin Harris, by means of the research methods of subjective position/objective position and through a lot of detailed and reliable statistical data and survey materials, the diet phenomenon of Tibetan fish-food avoidance is interpreted in this article from various angles. Then this study concludes that this phenomenon is the result of joint actions mainly caused by the biological characteristics of the slow growth and reproduction, of fish farm in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau where Tibetan people live, nutritional characteristics of low energy supply of fish meat and economics features of the high input and low output of fish culture and fish catching.