加气混凝土砌块在华北等地区农村的应用研究

Application Research of Aerated Concrete Block in Rural Areas in North China

对华北等地区农村外墙建筑材料进行调研,得到农村住宅的外墙材料和常规建造方法。利用De ST-h能耗模拟软件对华北等地区典型住宅的外墙分别采用粘土实心砖、混凝土小型空心砌块、加气混凝土砌块、蒸压灰砂砖材料时,进行能耗模拟分析。应用加气混凝土砌块建造外墙时,典型住宅的供暖热负荷指标最低;冬季未供暖的情况下,舒适性最高;进行节能改造时,所需增加的保温层厚度最小。针对农村居住建筑采用加气混凝土砌块墙体时出现的空鼓、开裂现象提出解决措施。

Based on the investigation on the building materials of rural exterior walls in North China, the materials of exterior walls and conventional construction methods of rural residential buildings are obtained. The energy consumption of exterior walls of typical rural residential buildings in North China is simulated by using DeST - h software. The exterior walls are made of solid clay bricks, concrete hollow blocks, aerated concrete blocks and autoclaved sandlime bricks materials respectively. When the external wall is made of aerated concrete blocks, the heating heat load index of the typical rural residential buildings is minimum, the comfort is highest without heating in winter, and the thickness of thermal insulation layer needed to be increased is minimum during energysaving renovation. The corresponding solving measures of hollowing and cracking in the aerated concrete blocks used for rural residential buildings are put forward.