2012年北京市房山区居民健康素养监测

Health literacy monitoring among residents in Fangshan district in 2012

目的了解北京市房山区居民健康素养水平及影响因素。方法采用分层按比例整群抽样方法，对房山区15～69岁常住居民进行问卷调查。结果经过标化后，房山区居民具备健康素养的总体水平为20．8％，其中，基本知识和理念素养为27．5％、健康生活方式与行为素养16．4％、基本技能素养为36．0％；7类健康问题素养比例由高到低分别是：安全与急救63．3％、科学健康观58．1％、传染病预防42．9％、信息获取理解与应用22．8％、基本医疗16．9％、慢性病预防16．6％和日常保健7．2％。年龄、文化程度及职业（P〈0．05）对健康素养有影响。结论应针对人群的不同特点有针对性的开展健康教育，并将日常保健与慢性病预防素养作为今后工作重点。

Objective To understand the health literacy status and the influence factors in Fangshan district of Beijing. Methods By using a stratified cluster sampling method in proportion , a questionnaire survey was conducted among 15 -69 yeas old residents in Fangshan District of Beijing. Results After standardization , the overall health literacy status in Fangshan district of Beijing was 20.8%. The level of the basic knowledge and concept was 27.5%. The level of the health lifestyle and behavior was 16.4%. The level of the basic skill was 36.0%. For seven kinds of health problems, the literacy rate in rangefrom high to low are： The level of safety and first aid was 63.3%. The level of the scientific view of health was 58. 1%. The level of infection disease prevention was 42.9%, The level of information acquisition and application was 22.8%. The level of basic health literacy was 16. 9%. The level of chronic disease prevention was 16. 6%. The level of daily health care was 7.2%. The health literacy level were affected by age, education level and occupation, such difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Targeted health education should be conducted according to different characteristics of population. More attention should be paid to improve daily health care and chronic disease prevention literacy in future.